Command words

The following list of command words covers the most commonly used in Sociology papers at AS and A-level. However, this list is not exhaustive and similar words may be used from time to time. The meanings come from the Ofqual approved list of command words. Meanings and the examples are taken from specimen papers for the current specifications.

We aim to illustrate how command words may be used in examination questions. This is intended to help both teachers and students identify the appropriate types of response that would be expected for each command word.

Analyse

Separate information into components and identify their characteristics in order to explain or interpret.

Define

Specify the meaning, for example of a sociological concept or term.

Evaluate

Judge from available evidence of the strengths and limitations of a specified sociological theory, or research method.

Explain

Clarify a sociological concept or term, for example by providing more detail of its purposes or context.

Outline

Set out the main features or characteristics.

Outline and explain

Set out main characteristics of a sociological term, concept and/or view and develop these purposes or reasons.

Using one example, briefly explain

Give a brief account of a chosen example.

Phrases frequently used in conjunction with command words:

Applying material from an item

A term used as a preface to a command, telling students to draw on material from a selected piece of information, or item which is provided as part of the exam question.

Version 2.0

September 2023