Specification updates

We've made some changes to our AS and A-level Business (7131, 7132) specification ready for first teaching in September 2023.

These changes affect first AS exams in summer 2024 and A-level exams in summer 2025.

What you need to know

For AS exams in 2024 and A-level exams in 2025, we've removed the following models and theories:

The Blake Mouton grid
Hackman and Oldham's model of job design
Kaplan and Norton's balanced scorecard model
Bowman's strategic clock
Greiner's model of growth
Bartlett and Ghoshal's international multi-domestic, transnational and global strategies
Hofstede's national cultures

We've also made some other minor updates, which you can view in our summary of changes.

There are two versions of the specification for this subject.

If your students are taking AS exams in 2024 and A-level exams in 2025, please use the updated version of our specification.

If your students are taking A-level exams in 2024, please continue to use the previous version of our specification.

For further help and support delivering AS and A-level Business, email us at business-studies@aqa.org.uk or call 01483 477 863.